**AD1674KRZ: A Comprehensive Technical Overview of the 12-Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter**

The **AD1674KRZ** from Analog Devices represents a pivotal component in the realm of data acquisition systems, standing as a fully integrated, **12-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC)** that combines high performance with historical significance. This device is a monolithic successor to the industry-standard AD574A, offering enhanced functionality and a more streamlined design. It is engineered to provide a complete ADC solution, incorporating an internal sample-and-hold, voltage reference, and clock circuit, which simplifies system design and reduces external component count.

At its core, the AD1674KRZ is designed for precision and speed. It is capable of performing a **complete 12-bit conversion in just 10 microseconds**, making it suitable for a variety of medium-to-high-speed applications. The converter can be configured for unipolar (0 to +10V, 0 to +20V) or bipolar (±5V, ±10V) input ranges through simple pin strapping, providing exceptional flexibility for interfacing with various sensor outputs and signal conditioning circuits.

A key feature of the AD1674KRZ is its versatile interface logic, which is designed for **easy connection to microprocessors**. It provides three-state output buffers that are directly controllable by the host processor, allowing for a seamless read operation of the 12-bit data word. This data can be read in a single 12-bit operation or in two 8-bit bytes, offering compatibility with both 8-bit and 16-bit data buses. The device operates on standard ±12V or ±15V and +5V power supplies, typical in industrial and instrumentation systems.

The architecture of the AD1674KRZ is based on a **successive approximation register (SAR)** technique. This method involves comparing the input voltage against a internally generated voltage from a precision digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in a binary search pattern. This process continues until the register's contents represent the digital value of the analog input with 12-bit accuracy. The inclusion of an internal laser-trimmed buried Zener reference ensures low drift and long-term stability, which is critical for maintaining accuracy over time and temperature variations.

Housed in a 28-pin PLCC or SKDIP package, the AD1674KRZ is built for robust performance across commercial (0°C to +70°C) and extended temperature ranges. Its reliability and high level of integration have made it a go-to solution for applications such as **industrial process control, precision instrumentation, and high-accuracy data logging** systems.

**ICGOOODFIND**: The AD1674KRZ remains a classic, highly integrated 12-bit ADC solution. Its combination of internal reference, clock, and S/H, plus its straightforward microprocessor interface, makes it a robust and reliable choice for designers seeking a complete data conversion component for demanding industrial environments.

**Keywords**: Analog-to-Digital Converter, 12-bit Resolution, Successive Approximation Register, Microprocessor Interface, Data Acquisition.